Te Whakarōpūtanga me ngā Āhuatanga o ngā Pouaka Upoko

He wāhanga matua te pouaka pane o ngā mīhini pepa, e mahi ana i ngā mahi tohatoha taonga, te whakataurite rere me te pupuhi. Ko tana mahi e whakatau tika ana i te hanganga pepa, te taumaha turanga me te kounga hua whānui. E ai ki te hoahoa hanganga me ngā mātāpono mahi, e rima ngā wāhanga matua o ngā pouaka pane: momo tuwhera, momo urunga hau, momo waipēhi rere-katoa, momo urunga hau rere-katoa whakakotahi me te momo hanga paparanga-maha.

1. Pouaka Upoko Momo Tuwhera

Kaupapa Mahi

E tuwhera ana te wāhanga o runga o te pouaka ki te āhuarangi. Ko te tere o te rerenga wai taketake e whakahaerehia ana e te pēhanga pumau e whakaputaina ana e te taumata wai taketake i roto i te pouaka matua.

Ngā Painga

• He hanganga māmā, he iti te utu haumi me te ngawari ki te tiaki.
• He ngāwari te whakahaere, he pai mō te whakaputa tere-iti me ngā momo pepa taumaha-iti.

Ngā ngoikoretanga

• Te tere whakahaere iti, i raro iho i te 200 m/min.
• Nā te kore pumau o te taumata o ngā taonga, kāore e ōrite te taumaha o te mīhini whakawhiti, ā, he māmā noa iho hoki te whakaputa i ngā rārangi.
• He ngawari te uru o te hau, ka pā kino tēnei ki te hanganga o te pepa.

Tono

Ngā raina whakaputa tere-iti mō te pepa ahurea, te pepa kiko, te pepa pepa me ngā papanga kore-whatu.

2. Pouaka Upoko Momo Urunga-Hau

Kaupapa Mahi

Kua kati katoa te pouaka. Ka whakakīia te hau kōpeke ki runga ake i te mata o te ipu hei hanga i tētahi urunga hau hei whakau i te pēhanga. Ka whakahaeretia te tere o te ipu mā te whakarerekē i te pēhanga hau, ā, kua rite hoki ngā rōra whakakotahi rere hei whakatikatika i te rere.

Ngā Painga

• He iti te taumata o te taonga me te pēhanga urunga hau pumau; he whānui, he tere hoki te whakarerekētanga mō te tere o te taonga.
• He pai ake te ōritetanga whakawhiti-mīhini me te iti ake o te hau e uru ana ki te whakarite ki te momo tuwhera.
• Te tere mīhini e tika ana: 200 ~ 500 m/min.

Ngā ngoikoretanga

• He hanganga uaua rawa, e hiahia ana ki tētahi pūnaha tuku hau pēhi pumau.
• He ngāwari ngā rōra whakaranu ki te piri rite tonu, nō reira me horoi me te tiaki tonu.
• Kāore i te rawaka te aueue moroiti i te tere neke atu i te 600 m/min, ka ngawari ai te totohu o te muka.

Tono

Ngā raina whakaputa tere-waenga mō te pepa ahurea, te pepa takai me te kāri mā.

3. Pouaka Upoko Waipēhi Rere-Katoa

Kaupapa Mahi

I hangaia hei hanganga rere-katoa, kāore he puna nui mō ngā kararehe. Ka tukuna ngā kararehe mā te pēhanga papu mā roto i te pane whakarara, ngā kaiwhakarara hikoi me ngā pepa whakarewa. Ka whakaputaina he moroiti-kaha teitei hei whakamarara i ngā muka.

Ngā Painga

• Mā te aueue kaha me te tauine iti ka tino pai te marara o te muka, ā, ka whakaitihia te rere o te wai.
• He tino ōrite te taumaha puta noa i te mīhini, ā, he pai ake te hanganga pepa.
• He pai mō ngā mīhini pepa tere-nui me te tere whakahaere tae atu ki te 500 ~ 1200 m/min.
• Kua rite rawa ki te pūnaha whakahaere waimeha mō te whakahaere taumaha whakawhiti-mīhini tino tika.

Ngā ngoikoretanga

• He hanganga matatau me ngā whakaritenga hanga me te tāutanga teitei me te utu nui.
• He ngāwari te ārai i ngā ara rere uaua, me te tiaki pai i ia rā.
• He tairongo ki ngā piki me ngā heke o te ōritetanga o ngā taonga me te pēhanga, nō reira he nui ngā whakaritenga mō te pūnaha whakahaere aunoa.

Tono

Ngā raina whakaputa tere-teitei mō te pepa ahurea kounga teitei, te pepa pania me te pepa angiangi.

4. Pouaka Urunga Hau Rere-Katoa Whakakotahi

Kaupapa Mahi

Ka whakamahia te hanganga rere-katoa hei tinana matua, me te urunga hau āwhina. Ka honoa te rūma urunga hau ki te puna kararehe mā roto i ngā kōhao iti hei pehi i te piki me te heke o te taumata wai.

Ngā Painga

• Ka whakakotahi i ngā painga o te aueue nui o te pouaka pane waipēhi me te pumau o te pēhanga o te pouaka pane urunga-hau.
• Kaha te kaha ātete-hurihuri, mahi pumau i te 600 ~ 1000 m/min.
• He tino ōrite te whakaranu i waenga i ngā mīhini me te ngāwari o te whakahaere i te waimehatanga.

Ngā ngoikoretanga

• Ko te hanganga tino uaua me ngā utu hoko me te tiaki nui.
• Ngā uauatanga ki te whakahaere tahi i waenga i te urunga hau me te pūnaha rere-katoa.

Tono

Ngā raina whakaputa whānui-tere mō te pepa me te papa pepa kounga teitei.

5. Pouaka Upoko Hanga-Papa Maha

Kaupapa Mahi

E whakatutuki ana i te hanganga paparanga aronga-Z. Kei ia paparanga ngā waeine tohatoha rauemi motuhake, whakatikatika rere me te whāngai. Ka ringihia ngā momo hanganga rauemi rerekē i te wā kotahi mō te hanganga hiato.

Ngā Painga

• Tautoko ana i te puranga paparanga: te whakamahi i te penupenu kounga teitei mō te paparanga mata me te penupenu hangarua mō te paparanga matua hei whakaiti i te utu whakaputa me te whakapai ake i te kounga.
• Te mana motuhake mō te taumaha o te turanga me te whakatakotoranga o te muka o ia paparanga.
• He kaha te pepa kua oti, he pai te mahi mata, ā, he kaha te here i waenga i ngā paparanga.

Ngā ngoikoretanga

• He hanganga whānui nui, he utu haumi nui me te pūnaha whakahaere matatini.
• Ngā whakaritenga tino pakari mō te whakarite paparanga me te whakahaere hononga i waenga i ngā paparanga.

Tono

Papa pepa kounga teitei, papa raina, papa kowakawaka me te pepa takai wai.

Te Whakataurite i ngā Momo Matua

Ngā Aratohu Kōwhiringa

1. Tere MīhiniKōwhiria te momo tuwhera mō te tere i raro i te 200 m/min; te momo urunga-hau mō te 200 ~ 500 m/min; te momo waipēhi, te momo whakakotahi rānei mō te tere neke atu i te 500 m/min.
2. Whakaritenga KoungaKōwhiria te pouaka pane waipēhi rere-katoa mō te pepa kounga teitei me te pepa angiangi; momo urunga-hau mō te pepa paerewa; momo paparanga-maha mō te pepa pepa.
3. Tahua: Whakaritea te momo tuwhera, te momo urunga hau rānei hei whakahaere i te utu; whiriwhiria te momo waipēhi, te momo paparanga maha rānei hei whai i te kounga teitei.
4. Ngā Āhuatanga o te RauemiWhakamahia he pouaka pane waipēhi kaha-āueue mō ngā muka poto me ngā muka e ngāwari ana ki te rere; he momo urunga hau mō ngā muka roa.